Paediatrics

The risk of relapse after treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia has decreased in the past 3 decades but the likelihood of successful treatment of relapse has not improved, suggests a review of three Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology clinical trials.

This independent news story was supported by an educational grant from L’Institut Servier, Suresnes, France.

Children diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder before puberty have evidence of changes in their gut microbiota before the age of 1 year, research shows.

This independent news story was supported by an educational grant from L’Institut Servier, Suresnes, France.

Children and adolescents using an advanced hybrid closed-loop system for type 1 diabetes can tolerate an unannounced snack containing 20 g of carbohydrate without excessive blood sugar fluctuations, Italian researchers report.

Screening for mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway alterations in children and young adults with cancer or histiocytic disorders is feasible, but targeted therapy with selumetinib showed “limited efficacy” in this population, say the NCI-COG Pediatric MATCH trial investigators.

This independent news story was supported by an educational grant from L’Institut Servier, Suresnes, France.

Children undergoing treatment for cancer report significantly more symptomatic adverse events than their clinicians but fewer than their caregivers, suggests research comparing assessments for triads of patients, caregivers and clinicians.

Researchers have developed a machine-learning tool that could predict a type 1 diabetes diagnosis in children on the basis of data from primary care electronic health records.

Autoantibodies against IL-1Ra are present in a large proportion of patients with MIS-C, say researchers.

Child, adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer do not have a greater risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness than individuals without a history of cancer, suggest findings from a population-based study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

This independent news story was supported by an educational grant from L’Institut Servier, Suresnes, France.

Adding infliximab to standard therapy with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin plus high-dose aspirin may decrease fever duration and prevent coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease, study findings indicate.

Replacement of the enzymes lacking in Tay–Sachs disease using adeno-associated virus gene therapy via both the thalamus and cerebrospinal fluid is possible and potentially efficacious in humans, shows a study in Nature Medicine.

This independent news story was supported by an educational grant from L’Institut Servier, Suresnes, France.

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Insulin pump infusion set failures that result in prolonged hyperglycemia occur an average of four times per year per user and are more common in children and adolescents than adults, US study findings indicate.