Comprehensive circulating tumor DNA analysis can identify therapeutically targetable driver and resistance mutations in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, research indicates.
Solid tumor patients with NTRK fusion mutations experience “robust and durable responses” to treatment with larotrectinib, but those with other types of NTRK alterations derive “limited benefit” from the selective TRK inhibitor, investigators say.
Chinese researchers have used a combination of long noncoding RNA signatures and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte tumor infiltration to identify four distinct immune classes that may predict response to cancer immunotherapy.
HLA class I evolutionary divergence is associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in people with cancer, show data published in Nature Medicine.
Blood-based next-generation sequencing can be used to identify patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and ALK fusions who will benefit from treatment with alectinib, show results of the phase II/III blood-first assay screening trial.
Treatment with the PARP inhibitor olaparib improves the outcomes of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer harboring deleterious mutations in homologous recombination repair genes, show trial results.
Genetic liability for rheumatoid arthritis is associated with lower IQ and symptoms of hyperactivity and inattention during childhood and adolescence, supporting a link between genetic risk for the condition and neural phenotypes, UK researchers report.
Tumor mutational burden could be a cross-tumor predictive biomarker of immunotherapy, say US researchers who found an association between mutational load and survival across a wide range of malignancies treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Germline mutations in the BRCA2 gene, but not other DNA damage repair genes, are associated with poorer outcomes among patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, study findings indicate.
Vitamin E supplementation may reduce the risk for cancer but only in individuals harboring a particular allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene, suggests an analysis of two randomized trials.
A genome-wide association study has identified novel genetic variants associated with the risk of developing moderate-to-severe asthma, a substantial proportion of which are also associated with mild asthma susceptibility.
Persistent disease-associated mutations detected in the bone marrow 30 days after stem cell transplantation are associated with an increased risk for disease progression among patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, research shows.
The ESMO Translational Research and Precision Medicine Working Group has proposed a classification system that orders the value of molecular aberrations as oncologic clinical targets based on the supporting evidence available.
Most patients being treated in the community setting for advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer do not benefit from the use of broad-based genomic sequencing, suggests a study comparing this approach with routine testing for only epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase alterations.
An analysis of patients with T790M-positive, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who developed resistance to osimertinib points to heterogeneous underlying molecular mechanisms.
Carriers of the C−509T allele in the transforming growth factor ß 1 gene have a significantly increased risk for late breast fibrosis following breast-conserving surgery and whole-breast irradiation for stage 0 to IIA breast cancer, researchers report.
Testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations could inform the choice of chemotherapeutic agent in women with advanced triple-negative breast cancer, suggest the results of the TNT trial.
In patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer, the presence of concomitant mutations in other cancer-related genes is associated with worse outcomes in response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Chinese research suggests.
The presence of molecular minimal residual disease, identified by next-generation targeted sequencing, is associated with a significantly increased risk for relapse or death in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, study findings indicate.