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Antibiotic use is associated with poor survival outcomes in people receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer or melanoma, findings indicate.

The risk for neurologic adverse events is significantly lower with immune checkpoint inhibitors than with other cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy, suggest results of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Age alone should not preclude the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in people with cancer aged 80 years or more, say researchers who found promising efficacy and tolerability of single-agent therapy in this patient population.

A large single-center study has found an association between immune checkpoint inhibitor use and an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in people with cancer.

A patient-derived tumor fragment platform has allowed close examination of the early immunologic responses to PD-1 blockade, revealing a relationship between immune cell reactivation and clinical response.

Chinese researchers have used a combination of long noncoding RNA signatures and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte tumor infiltration to identify four distinct immune classes that may predict response to cancer immunotherapy.

Phase 1b/2 study data show that combining the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib with pembrolizumab could be a promising treatment option for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma and selected other advanced solid tumor types.

HLA class I evolutionary divergence is associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in people with cancer, show data published in Nature Medicine.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis among patients with cancer may need long-term management by rheumatologists after cessation of treatment, but does not appear to affect cancer outcomes, say researchers.

A French database analysis lends further support for the use immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer in patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease.

Five-year data from the phase I CA209-003 trial indicate that the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab is associated with long-term survival benefits among heavily pretreated patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma or non-small-cell lung cancer.

Two studies point to the feasibility of resuming immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients who discontinue treatment due to immune-related adverse events.

Researchers have comprehensively analyzed the incidence of adverse events in trials of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors, while another team has provided insight into the potential pathophysiologic process underlying these effects.

A US chart review has found no increase in the incidence of severe immune-related adverse events among advanced cancer patients who receive an influenza vaccination during the 2 months before or after initiating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

An updated analysis of the CheckMate 067 trial shows continued survival benefits at 4 years with nivolumab plus ipilimumab or nivolumab monotherapy versus ipilimumab alone in patients with previously untreated advanced melanoma.

In patients with high-risk resectable melanoma, neoadjuvant treatment with the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab is associated with high response rates but also considerable toxicity, while single-agent nivolumab has better tolerability but is less efficacious, trial results show.

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Using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography to measure treatment response at 1 year in patients with metastatic melanoma may better predict long-term outcomes than standard computed tomography, research shows.

The ESMO Translational Research and Precision Medicine Working Group has proposed a classification system that orders the value of molecular aberrations as oncologic clinical targets based on the supporting evidence available.

The AVAST-M and E5103 trial results rule out the use of bevacizumab in the adjuvant setting in high-risk patients with cutaneous melanoma and HER2-negative breast cancer, respectively.